18th August Historic challenges and discoveries

After invading Denmark and capturing Sweden, Charles XII of Sweden forced Frederick IV of Denmark to sign the Peace of Travendal.

Pope Alexander VI, born in Spain as Rodrigo di Borgia. He authorized the building of a prison in the cellars of Castel Sant’Angelo in Rome.

The French fleet was destroyed by the British under “Old Dreadnought” Boscawen at the battle of Lagos Bay.

Antonio Salieri was an Italian classical composer, conductor, and teacher. He was born in Legnago, south of Verona, in the Republic of Venice.

Meriwether Lewis, an American explorer, was born in Charlottesville, VA. He led the Corps of Discovery with William Clark.

Meriwether Lewis, an American explorer, was born in Charlottesville, VA. He led the Corps of Discovery with William Clark.

Robert Stevenson (1772-1850) began work on the 117-foot Bell Rock lighthouse at the mouth of Scotland’s Firth of Forth based on a proposal he submitted in 1800.

Lord John Russel, Prime Minister of England from 1846 to 1852 and 1865 to 1866, was born.

In SF thousands of armed men paraded through the streets and then formally dissolved the second Committee of Vigilance.

Otto Abels Auerbach was an American lyricist and librettist of about 50 musical comedies.

Subhas Chandra Bose, a leader of the Indian Independence Movement, died after his overloaded Japanese plane crashed in Japanese-occupied Formosa.

Nirmala Sitharaman is an Indian politician serving as the current Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs of India.

In India, a flash flood swept up some 100 Hindu pilgrims in Uttar Pradesh. 182 people were feared dead.

Sampooran Singh Kalra, known professionally as Gulzar, is an Indian lyricist, poet, author, screenwriter, and film director

Indian shares slid as oil prices surged to a new high of $47 a barrel, threatening domestic demand and growth in Asia’s fourth-largest economy

Indian film and stage actor and director were born. Famous for his role in web series and comedy movies.

In India, the death toll in an encephalitis outbreak in Uttar Pradesh rose to 90 with more deaths being reported due to the water-borne disease.

Daler Mehndi, is an Indian singer, songwriter, author and record producer. He has helped to make Bhangra popular worldwide

In Germany, 2 Africans were attacked by right-wing extremists in Mainz, the same night as a brutal mob assault on eight Indians in the country’s former communist east.

Indian actress was born.  She has worked in numerous film, concerts, television and music. Preeti Jhangiani is an Indian model and actress. She is known for her work in Mohabbatein.