October 16: The Partition of Bengal, Know the History of this day

World Food Day is an international day celebrated every year around the world on 16 October founded in 1945.


The Partition of Bengal made the Extremists to organized the Swadeshi Movement and the Boycott of British goods. Take a look at the article to know the reason which led to the growth of revolutionaries and the agitation in Bengal against lie British Government spread throughout the country.

1905 –  Partition of Bengal 

october 16 in history

(The Map showing the partition)

The main Partition of Bengal was a regional rearrangement of the Bengal Presidency executed by the British Raj in 1905. The segment isolated the to a great extent Muslim eastern territories from the generally Hindu western zones on 16 October 1905, subsequent to being declared on 20 July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India. The purpose of this was that Bengal with a populace of 78 million had gotten too enormous to be administered, but the genuine intentions behind the segment plan were the British want to debilitate Bengal, the operational hub of Indian patriotism, and separation the Muslims and Hindus based on religion.

The decision divided Bengal into Piston Bengal and Assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of Bengal with a population of 4 million of whom 18 million were Bengalis, and 36 million Biharis and Oriyas. It was definitely the ‘divide and rule’ policy for the Indians and the whole population was outraged about the fact that the colonists were turning the native population against itself in order to rule. The provincial state of Bengal had a population of nearly 80 million at that time. It included the Hindi-speaking regions of Bihar, the Odia-speaking regions of Odisha, and the Assamese-speaking region of Assam. The government announced the idea for partition in January 1904. The idea was opposed by Henry John Stedman Cotton, Chief Commissioner of Assam But the Partition of Bengal went on to happen on October 16, 1905. The former province of Bengal was divided into two new provinces. ‘Bengal’ which comprises of western Bengal and the province of Bihar and Orissa and Eastern Bengal and Assam, with Daca as the capital of the latter.

Partition of Bengal

(A representation of discussion over the Partition of Bengal)

The reason for the partition was all administrative. Bengal was as large as France and had a significantly larger population. Lord Curzon had stated that the eastern region was neglected and under-governed and hence, by splitting the province, an improved administration could be established there.

The other reason for partition is believed to be that the Hindus were in a better position in terms of economic status and professional qualities than the Muslims and during the pre-Sepoy Mutiny period, Hindu traders had greatly helped the British while their Muslim counterparts did not. This had made the British angry and hence, the benefits of Western education were given only to the Hindus and not the Muslims. The partition was supported by the Muslims of East Bengal and their support was motivated by both their poor economic conditions in East Bengal, as well as the believed dominance of the Hindu businessmen in West Bengal over the governance of Bengal.

So it can be interpreted that the purpose the British want to debilitate Bengal, the operational hub of Indian patriotism, and separation of the Muslims and Hindus based on religion. Following the partition, an anti-British movement formed in opposition which involved non-violent and violent protests, boycotts, and even an assassination attempt against the Governor of the new province of West Bengal. After partition, Hindu resistance exploded as the Indian National Congress began the Swadeshi movement.

The development was not upheld by the Muslims in light of the fact that the Muslims in East Bengal had trusted that a different area would give them more control and subsequently, they contradicted the developments. Because of these political fights, the two pieces of Bengal were brought together in 1911 and another segment partitioned the region on phonetic, instead of strict grounds. In 1947, Bengal was apportioned for the subsequent time, exclusively on strict grounds, as a major aspect of the Partition of India following the arrangement of India and Pakistan.

Other Events of this Day

1923 – Establishment of Walt Disney Company

On October 16, 1923, Walt Disney and his sibling, Roy found the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in Hollywood, California. The studio, presently known as The Walt Disney Company, has oversized affected media outlets and is currently one of the biggest media organizations on the planet.

 1846 – World Anesthesia Day

World Anesthesia Day is an annual event celebrated around the world on 16 October to commemorate the first successful demonstration of diethyl ether anaesthesia on 16 October 1846. The discovery of anaesthesia was a bona fide blessing for humankind, it was discovered by William T. G. Morton. He began his dental studies in Baltimore in 1840, and two years later he set up practice in Hartford, ultimately working with a dentist named Horace Wells.

1945 – World Food Day

World Food Day

(An image produced as part of the World Food Programme in 2015.

World Food Day is a worldwide day commended each year around the globe on 16 October out of appreciation for the date of the establishing of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 1945. The day is praised broadly by numerous different associations worried about food security, including the World Food Program and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. The objective is to make mindfulness about the current issues of heftiness and ailing health because of craving.

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