October 7: Emergence of Operation Enduring Freedom

Have you heard about the Martial Law of Pakistan? Read the blog for the essential details of this day.

Mother Teresa once said, “A work is done with true dedication and hard work never fails”. She was the woman whose lifetime journey counts the devotion towards the work and care of the weaker section of the society. Take a look at the article to know more about Mother Teresa’s works as well as other events.

Take a look at Indian History

1950 – Establishment of Missionaries of Charity

(Mother Teresa, Founder, and a Patron Saint)

The Missionaries of Charity is a Catholic religious congregation established on October 7, 1950, by Mother Teresa. The charity is known today as Saint Teresa in the Catholic Church of Calcutta. In 2020 it consisted of 5,167 religious sisters as the members of this Charity. The Missionaries of Charity works for the blind, the elder people, the dying, and people afflicted with leprosy in the poorest sections of the city. Mother Teresa was awarded several awards including Bharat Ratna, Nobel Peace Prize, and Padma Shri, etc for her neverending contribution to social works.

1914 – Birth Anniversary of Begum Akhtar

(Begum Akhtar Fyzabadi)

Begum Akhtar, was an Indian singer and actress and was born on 7th October 1914 in Bhadarsa, India. She was associated with ‘Mallika-e-Ghazal’ or Mallika-e-Tarannum in the history of Indian Classical music. She is regarded as one of the greatest singers of ghazal, Dadra, and thumri genres of Hindustani classical music. Begum Akhtar received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for vocal music in 1972 and was also awarded Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan Award post.

Read more: October 6: Enactment of The Indian Penal Code

Major International Events

1958 – Declaration of Martial Law in Pakistan

Martial law is the suspension of civil law by a government, in response to a temporary emergency where civil forces are overpowered in occupied territory. In Pakistan, Martial law was declared on 7 October 1958, by President Iskander Mirza. He abolished the constitution of 1956, describing it as unworkable and filled with dangerous compromises. He dismissed the government of Sir Feroz Khan Noon and dissolved the National Assembly of Pakistan and the provincial legislatures. 

2001- Emergence of Operation Enduring Freedom

Operation Enduring Freedom was the official name associated by the U.S. government for the Global War on Terrorism. On 7 October 2001, the OEF began officially with American and British bombing strikes against al-Qaeda and Taliban forces in Afghanistan. It was planned in response to the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks that killed nearly 3,000 people. As a result, Al Qaeda and other militants in Afghanistan were crippled. In 2004 and 2005 parliamentary elections have occurred in Afghanistan and Hamid Karzai was elected as a president.

1959 – First Photo of Luna Farside 

(Rare pic of Moon Far side)

On 7 October 1959, the camera of Luna 3 took 29 photographs over a period of 40-minute. It has covered roughly 70 percent of the moon’s far side in the photographs. The photographs were developed, fixed, and dried by the probe’s onboard film processing unit. Seventeen images were successfully scanned and returned to Earth on Oct. 18, when Luna 3 .was in position for transmitting.

1931 – Birth Anniversary of Desmond Tutu

Desmond Mpilo Tutu was born on 7 October 1931 in South Africa. He was an Anglican cleric, theologian, and 1984 Nobel Peace Prize famed, known for his work as an anti-apartheid and human rights activist. He was the Bishop of Johannesburg (1985 to 1986) and the Archbishop of Cape Town (1986 to 1996). In both cases, he was the first black African to hold the position, and notably, he also explored to fuse ideas from black theology with African theology.

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